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The Immigration Process
Function |
Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB) |
Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) |
Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) Responsibility |
|---|---|---|---|
Develop refugee and immigration policy |
no |
yes |
no |
Select refugees from abroad and resettle them in Canada |
no |
yes |
no |
Determine whether an individual is eligible to make a claim for refugee protection |
no |
yes |
yes |
Render decisions on refugee claims made by individuals within Canada |
yes |
no |
no |
Arrest and detain individuals under the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA) |
no |
no |
yes |
Conduct detention reviews |
yes |
no |
no |
Conduct admissibility hearings to determine if an individual may remain in Canada |
yes |
no |
no |
Represent the Minister of Public Safety at IRB admissibility hearings and detention reviews |
no |
no |
yes |
Hear and decide appeals on immigration matters (removal orders, sponsorship appeals, residency obligations) |
yes |
no |
no |
Represent the Minister of Public Safety to appeal IRB decisions on admissibility hearings |
no |
no |
yes |
Select immigrants to come to Canada |
no |
yes |
no |
Issue temporary resident visas and permanent resident visas |
no |
yes |
no |
Issue work permits, study permits or temporary resident permits |
no |
yes |
yes |
Determine if residency obligations have been met by permanent residents |
no |
yes |
yes |
Initiate pre-removal risk assessments |
no |
no |
yes |
Conduct pre-removal risk assessments |
no |
yes |
no |
Render decisions on applications to stay in Canada as a permanent resident on humanitarian and compassionate grounds |
no |
yes |
no |
Remove people from Canada |
no |
no |
yes |
Grant Canadian citizenship |
no |
yes |
no |
